Validity Rollup on-chain state mapping: exists. Starknet is an L2 that executes multiple transactions off-chain, verifies their integrity with STARK proof, and settles them on Ethereum. Function: Reduces L1 execution costs, increases L2 throughput, and economically provides a basis for lowering user fees and increasing application activity. 2. STARK Proof on-chain state mapping: exists.
Starknet has strong maturity from STARK and Cairo technology, but low UOPS, chain revenue, and unfinished sequencer and prover decentralization remain the economic bottleneck.
Investment View
The key test for Starknet is not lower costs, but whether app revenue and usage grow enough to support the security budget while decentralization ships in practice.